Laoshan geologic

With its highest peak rising 1,133 meters above sea level, Mt. Laoshan is situated on the southeastern Shangdong peninsula. Facing the Yellow Sea, it is one of China‘s major scenic resorts and has long held the reputation as the No. 1 Famous Mountain on the Sea.

A field investigation on Quaternary glacial landforms in Laoshan Mountain has discovered many glacial potholes, scouring grooves on top of granite ridges, and large boulders. These erosional landforms were formed by the meltwater from the overlying ice cap, suggesting that there was at least an ice cap covering Laoshan Mountain and the surrounding areas or even a continental ice sheet over the vast area of Shandong Province in the Late Pleistocene. The ice sheet was obstructed by the Laoshan Mountain, Dazhu Mountain and Xiaozhu Mountain in the coastal areas as it moved toward the Yellow Sea. The ice flows eroded the bedrock and carved the weak intersection of the fault systems in the NE and NW directions into a deep channel, which gradually formed a fjord in the area of the Jiaozhou Bay basin by 20.00 ka BP. The seawater gradually invaded the fjord from the beginning of the Holocene (11.00 ka BP) and Jiaozhou Bay was eventually formed. Similar fjords are easily found along the east of China and they share a similar origin because of the Quaternary glaciation in the region.

Laoshan water

The average surface water of the district is 159,700,000 cubic meter and underground water is 44,300,000 cubic meter, of which, the measurement of repeated water is 37,600,000cubic meter. The total water resource is 166,400,000 cubic meter .
The springs and water are also very notable in Laoshan Mountain  On a tip to the main peak, there is a spring named "Tianyi Spring". It is notable much. Other springs ,like "Shenshui Spring" of Taiqing Palace Tao Temple and "Shenshui Spring" of Shang Qing Palace Tao Temple. And Laoshan mineral water is a specialty of Laoshan Mountain. It is said the mineral water can be used to cure diseases.

Laoshan climate

The district belongs to north temperature zone monsoon climate with moderate temperature all the year. Summer without the intense heat, winter without severe cold. It also has the characteristics of marine climate such as cold spring, cool summer, warm autumn, mild winter, small temperature difference in day and night, long non-frost season and moist air. In spring from March 1 to June 20, the average temperature is 12.5℃ and the rainfall is 155.4mm, which is 20% of the yearly rainfall. In summer from June 21 to September 5, the average temperature is 24.5℃ and the rainfall is 444.8mm, which is 57% of the yearly rainfall. The flood season starts in the early part of July and ends in the first ten days of September. In autumn from September 6 to December 5, the average temperature is 12.9℃ and the rainfall is 149.3mm, which is 22% of the yearly rainfall. During this time, cold air increases and winter monsoon becomes strong. In winter from December 6 to the end of the next February, the average temperature is -0.8℃ and rainfall is 26.8mm with dry cold northwest wind and maximum 19cm snow. Influenced by ocean ,mountain area has moist and changeable climate with more rain and snow. Taiqing Palace area is honored as “Little Southside of the river ” and north piedmont of Jufeng Peak is called “Little Guandong”.